CEF Study Group - Recommended Websites

[Borden Battery]

The T. E. Lawrence Society

The T. E. Lawrence Society, formed at Wareham, Dorset, in 1985, is a non-profit organization registered under British law as an educational charity. There are currently around 600 members, of whom two-thirds live in the U.K. Membership is by invitation. [CEF Study Group - March 2006]

http://www.telsociety.org/

Turkey in the First World War

This intelligent website adds the Turkish perspective in the Great War. The presentation is based on several Turkish resources and will be of interest to researchers. The website is organized into the following elements with nested sub-grouping and includes: Prelude to War, Campaigns, Aftermath, Chronology, Army, Navy, Aviation, Home Front, Economy, Who's Who, Documents and Featured Articles. Based on the clean format, this site is capable of adding more material with quick access. A few areas are still under construction. Some images do not appear under Mozilla and this site is best viewed with Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0+. There is also the start of a small discussion forum [Yahoo]. Well worth visiting.[CEF Study Group - June 2006]

http://www.turkeyswar.com/

[Borden Battery]

Filip Konowal, V.C.

Filip Konowal, a Ukrainian Canadian volunteer with the 47th Canadian Infantry Battalion, fought with exceptional valour in August 1917 during the battle for Hill 70. For his courage Konowal was awarded the Victoria Cross by King George V who remarked: "Your Exploit is one of the most daring and heroic in the history of my army. For this, accept my thanks." Comprehensive website. [CEF Study Group]

http://www.infoukes.com/history/konowal/

William Angus VC

The first Scottish Territorial soldier to be awarded the Victoria Cross - his citation reads as follows: "No 7709 Lance-Corporal William Angus, 8th (Lanark) Battalion, The Highland Light Infantry (Territorial Force) - For most conspicuous bravery and devotion to duty at Givenchy on 12 June 1915, in voluntarily leaving his trench under very heavy bomb and rifle fire and rescuing a wounded officer who was lying within a few yards of the enemy's position. Lance-Corporal Angus had no chance whatsoever in escaping the enemy's fire when undertaking this very gallant action, and in effecting the rescue he sustained about 40 wounds from bombs, some of them being very serious." [CEF Study Group - May 2006]

http://www.forvalour.com/

Captain Noel Godfrey Chavasse, VC and Bar, MC, RAMC

This is a simple text website on Captain Noel Chavasse who was Medical Officer of the 10th (Liverpool Scottish) Battalion, the King's (Liverpool) Regiment, during the first three years of the First World War. He was the only man to win the British Military's highest award for valour, the Victoria Cross, twice during the Great War. [CEF Study Group - April 2006]

http://www.chavasse.u-net.com/chavasse.html

[Borden Battery]

Infantry in Battle – George C. Marshall, Colonel

This historic 1934 booklet [97 pages] treats a wide range axioms, scenarios and tactics of smaller units and is illustrated by examples drawn from the [Great] World War. The format includes an outline, discussion, map(s) and conclusion. [CEF Study Group - July 2006]

http://www.cgsc.edu/carl/download/csipubs/infantry/inf_intro_cvii.pdf

Fighting the Flying Circus by Eddie Rickenbacker

This on-line edition of Eddie Rickenbacker's World War One memoirs dates from the original version published by Stokes in 1919. It is presented in 36 short and downloadable chapters.[CEF Study Group - Dec 2006]

http://richthofen.com/rickenbacker/

[Borden Battery]

Polar Bear Expedition Digital Collections

The "American Intervention in Northern Russia, 1918-1919," nicknamed the "Polar Bear Expedition," was a U.S. military intervention in northern Russia at the end of World War I. Since many of these soldiers originated from Michigan, the Bentley Historical Library at the University of Michigan, has collected materials related to this event since the 1960s. The Bentley collection has over sixty individual collections of primary source material as well as numerous published materials. [Recommended by Chris Bostwick][CEF Study Group – Oct 2008]

http://polarbears.si.umich.edu/index.pl?node_id=272&lastnode_id=1163

[Borden Battery]

*28th Northwest Battalion

The 28th (North-west) Battalion was recruited in 1914 from the Manitoba / Saskatchewan area of Canada. The battalion went overseas to Britain as part of the 'Second Contingent' in June of 1915. There it joined 6th Brigade, 2nd Division of the Canadian Corps. The last soldier killed on the Western Front was Private G. Price of the 28th, shot by a sniper while on patrol at 10:58 am, Nov. 11, 1918, two minutes before the armistice. This website has a significant amount of research work within it including a detailed database. [CEF Study Group]

http://www.nwbattalion.com

Up the Johns! : The Story of the Royal Regina Rifles [28th Battalion]

This website is based on the scanned images of the book entitled “Up the Johns” which includes the 28th Northwest Battalion from the Great War. The book covers the period from 1885 to 1992 with about 88 of 238 pages and contains a good summary of the more important actions and events of this units.[Recommendation by Bro][CEF Study Group - Mar 2006]

http://www.ourroots.ca/e/toc.asp?id=3641

*Somme Battlefields Forum [somme 1916 - Somme 2006]

This discussion forum, which formed in August 2005, is moderated by Paul Reed and works in association with his new Somme website. The forum is specific to the Battle of the Somme in 1916 and/or any aspect of the Somme Anniversary in 2006 and may set the trend for other battle-specific discussion forums. As of July 2006 the site had some 220 members and 900 postings related to the Somme. [Paul Reed website] [CEF Study Group – May 2009 - Updated]

http://somme1916.6.forumer.com/index.php

The Aerodrome - Forum

This website is very extensive in its documentation of the air war including cross-indexing of aircraft, aces, serial numbers of aircraft and pilot victories. Emphasis is visual and with visual statistics. The discussion forum includes postings with discussion threads tending to be on specific aircraft and airmen rather than historic discussion. Therefore, an excellent site for researching specific topics on Great War aerial combat. [Recommendation by Brett Payne / emma gee][CEF Study Group - Updated Aug 2010]

http://www.theaerodrome.com/forum/

[Borden Battery]

Library and Archives Canada - Thesis Canada Portal

This the central access point for many Canadian theses and information about the Theses Canada program. From here you will be able to: Search AMICUS, Canada's national on-line catalogue for bibliographic records of all theses in Library and Archives Canada's theses collection, which was established in 1965; and access and search the full text electronic versions of numerous Canadian theses and dissertations. [Recommendation by Ken Reynolds][CEF Study Group - July 2006]

NOTE 1 - The electronic theses and dissertations on this site are for the personal use of students, scholars and the public. Any commercial use, publication or lending of them in libraries is strictly prohibited.

NOTE 2 - I have selected some of the Great War theses for your information. Some theses can be downloaded directly while others are available on microfiche or can be purchased in paper form. [CEF Study Group]

http://www.collectionscanada.ca/thesescanada/s4-230-e.html

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AMICUS No. 25363972

NAME(S): *Foyn, Sean Flynn, 1963-

TITLE(S): The underside of glory: AfriCanadian enlistment in the Canadian Expeditionary Force, 1914-1917

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--University of Ottawa, 2000.

E-LOCATIONS: http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ48151.pdf

STUDENT ABSTRACT: On March 28, 1917, the officers and men of the Number Two Construction Battalion (No. 2 CB) sailed from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to serve with the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF). The departure of the No. 2 CB marked a turning point in a three year battle over AfriCanadian volunteers in the CEF. Although there were no official policies preventing AfriCanadian enlistments, many AfriCanadian volunteers learned early in the War that racist military and civilian officials did not want a "Checker board army" and that it was a "White man's war." Nevertheless, AfriCanadians and their supporters persistently sought enlistments. In the process they exposed the racist underside of Canada's war-time glory. Eventually, the No. 2 CB, a segregated non-combat unit was authorized. Although the No. 2 CB was not the military objective AfriCanadians had fought for, it was one of the few options available for AfriCanadians who wanted to 'do their bit' for Canada during the 'Great War.' As part of a small, yet, slowly developing body of work related to the AfriCanadian wartime experience, this thesis examines the key personalities and events that fostered the creation and recruitment of Canada's only AfriCanadian overseas military unit. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

AMICUS No. 28420197

NAME(S): *Mantle, Craig Leslie, 1977-

TITLE(S): Bagpipes and limestone: the history of the 253rd Battalion, Queen's University Highlanders, C.E.F

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--Queen's University at Kingston, 2002.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: Securing an adequate number of volunteers during the latter stages of the First World War presented the 253rd Battalion, Queen's University Highlanders, CEF, with a nearly insurmountable challenge. Between October 1916 and April 1917, the 253rd employed a variety of recruiting techniques that not only emphasized the Battalion's distinct highland character, but also required individual soldiers, regardless of rank, to broach the question of enlistment with their acquaintances. Although Kingston's merchant-class and civic leadership launched a number of initiatives calculated to increase the Battalion's strength, their lack of commitment to these endeavours allowed the burden of recruiting to fall almost exclusively to the Highlanders themselves. On the whole, the Battalion's efforts proved more effective in encouraging men to enlist than the schemes put forth by local citizens or community organizations. Owing to the need for manpower, the Highlanders pursued an aggressive recruiting campaign throughout Ontario and most of the western provinces. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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AMICUS No. 30951743

NAME(S): *Wilson, John Jason Collins, 1970-

TITLE(S): Soldiers of song: the Dumbells and other Canadian concert parties of the First World War

UBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes.

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--University of Guelph, 2004.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: To optimize the fighting potential of Canadian soldiers in the First World War, organized 'concert parties' of the Canadian Expeditionary Forces (CEF) satisfied an official military mandate of raising the morale of Canadian soldiers. Ironically, concert party performers were able to achieve this aim by mocking the military system and its high ranking officers. Many officers were aware of the subversive material found in the concert parties' performances, but chose to ignore it, because of its positive effect on troop morale. The comedic material of both Canadian and British concert parties transformed over the course of the war from the light fare offered in the British Music Hall, to a darker humour that was 'exclusive' to Frontline soldiers. The exclusive nature of soldier humour was not only effective in raising the morale of the troops, but also forged an enduring and vital bond between soldier-entertainers and their audiences. Following the war, civilian audiences were introduced to the Dumbells and their sardonic interpretation of the 'Great War', largely through those soldiers who had seen the concert party perform in France. Among the pioneers of sketch comedy, the Dumbells are as important to the history of Canadian theatre, as they are to the country's social and cultural history. If nationhood was won on the crest of Vimy Ridge, it was the Dumbells who provided the country with its earliest soundtrack.

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AMICUS No. 15445751

NAME(S): *Mein, Stewart A. G

TITLE(S): A grand experiment: adult education in the Canadian overseas military forces during the First World War

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes

NOTES: Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dalhousie University, 1994.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: This dissertation examines the origin and growth of the adult education movement in the Canadian overseas military forces in the First World War, as presented through official military documents and the letters written by two of the principal participants, Clarence MacKinnon, then Principal of Pine Hill Divinity School, Halifax and Edmund Oliver, then Principal of St. Andrew's Theological College, Saskatoon. The dissertation outlines the scope of the adult education movement in the CEF in World War One, tracing four distinct phases of development of the movement. The first of these phases began in August, 1914, at Camp Valcartier, and grew out of the YMCA's mandate to provide educational activity to the CEF. In the second phase of adult education activity, Khaki Colleges were instituted in the 5th Canadian Division in Witley Camp, in Britain, by Clarence MacKinnon and spread to other camps through the work of the Chaplain Service. The third phase took place in France, in the Canadian Corps, where the University of Vimy Ridge was formed by E. H. Oliver under the direction of General Lipsett of the 3rd Canadian Division. In the fourth phase, the Khaki University was instituted in Britain by the Canadian Education Service under H. M. Tory in early 1918. The Khaki University absorbed the Khaki Colleges in Britain and the University of Vimy Ridge in France and began work in the other units in France such as the Forestry Corps. This dissertation puts forward three conclusions about the adult education movement in the Canadian overseas forces during the First World War. First, Henry Marshall Tory, then Principal of the University of Alberta, is usually given credit for starting the adult education movement in the CEF during World War One. Although Tory was one of the founders of the educational movement, evidence, primarily their own words, indicates that Clarence MacKinnon and E. H. Oliver did the work that turned his planning into actuality. Secondly, although it can be accurately said that the adult education movement in the Canadian forces overseas provided the impetus for similar movements in other armies, it has been generally understood that it was the activity of the Khaki University in Britain under Tory that provided the basis for the adult education activity that spread throughout the British and Dominion armies and then to other armies of the world. In fact, it was the work of Oliver and the University of Vimy Ridge that became the "model" for educational work in the British and Dominion field armies. Finally this dissertation also shows that although the adult education movement overseas provided the impetus for similar activity in other armies around the world, it had little effect on the post-war, re-establishment activity in Canada, or on subsequent adult educational activity in the post-war Canadian civilian or military adult education community until World War Two.

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AMICUS No. 30722096

NAME(S): *Fitch, Benjamin T. E. (Benjamin Thomas Edward), 1975-

TITLE(S): Doing their duty: politics and recruitment in the Maritimes during World War I

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes.

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--University of Calgary, 2003.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: This thesis focuses on the Maritime response to the First World War in the context of the greater English-Canadian reaction to and support for the war. With this object in mind, it uses established gauges of support for the war: enlistment in the CEF and support Union government in 1917 federal election. The study illustrates the marginal character of English Canada's oldest region and the implications of Maritime marginalization for proportional representation in the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF). Recruitment in the Maritimes was proportionally similar to the rest of English Canada despite a bias towards Maritime units, an insignificant British-born population, and a significant French speaking population. For their part, the Maritime election results demonstrate the crucial importance of regional Liberal leadership to the success of the Union cause by juxtaposing the success in New Brunswick with the apparent failure of Union in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. In contrast to historical and scholarly perceptions to the contrary, this thesis ultimately argues that despite regional nuances, the Maritime response the Great War was basically the same as other regions of English Canada.

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AMICUS No. 15474025

NAME(S): *Inglis, Dave, 1969-

TITLE(S): Vimy Ridge, 1917-1992: a Canadian myth over seventy five years

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--Simon Fraser University, 1995.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: 1992 was the 125th anniversary of Canadian Confederation and the 75th anniversary of the battle of Vimy Ridge. Some historians have argued that the latter anniversary was more important as they believe that it was during the Great War that Canada became "a nation". While this belief is often specifically anchored on Vimy Ridge, Canadians are generally unaware of Vimy and the Great War experience. Nevertheless, the Vimy myth persists in Canadian military histories and reappears in other sources on major anniversaries. To investigate this contradiction, this thesis traces the origins and development of the Vimy myth from its foundations in the period between Confederation and the Great War to its 75th anniversary. The life of the myth is accessed through an extensive historiographical survey of Canadian military histories, Canadian newspapers, British Columbian high-school textbooks and other primary and secondary sources. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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AMICUS No. 13121729

NAME(S): *Chappelle, Dean Andrew, 1968-

TITLE(S): The most brilliant of successes: the planning and implementation of the Battle of Amiens, 8-11 August, 1918

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes

Thesis (M.A.)--University of New Brunswick, 1992.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: This thesis attempts to shed light on the development of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) and its component parts, particularly the Canadian Corps, as a fighting unit through a study of its most successful operation of the War, the Battle of Amiens, 8-11 August 1918. Through an examination of secondary sources, government documents, and personal papers, both in Canada and in Britain, a clearer picture is drawn of the Battle of Amiens, the development of the BEF and of the Great War in general. The secondary sources are lacking in many cases in their presentation of these topics, particularly the planning stages of the battle. In short, Amiens demonstrated that the BEF improved greatly in the course of the War, particularly since the disastrous Battle of the Somme two years before. The success of the Amiens battle was indeed largely the result of increased British effectiveness, but other factors, such as the weakness of the German Army by mid-1918, were also important. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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AMICUS No. 32119386

NAME(S): *Holden, Michael James, 1977-

TITLE(S): Constantly shifting and constantly adapting [microform] : the tactical exploits of the Canadian Motor Machine Gun Brigades, 1914-1918

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : Library and Archives Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes.

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--University of New Brunswick, 2003.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: The Canadian Motor Machine Gun Brigade has long been seen as one of the great innovations of the First World War, 1914-1918. Mounted in lightly armoured vehicles, the CMMG Brigades (the Motors) could quickly bring to bear the firepower of their machine guns in a number of locations. However, upon arrival in Belgium and France in 1915 rather than a battlefield suited to the movement of autocars, the brigade found a static battlefield characterized by miles of trenches and barbed wire. Accordingly, it has been held that the Motors were relatively ineffective until open fighting returned to the Western Front in 1918. The common view is that the 'golden time' of the CMMGB occurred when they helped stem the tide during the German offensives of spring 1918, but that the unit then failed to achieve a similar standard of effectiveness during the Allied offensives of the final months of the war. Recently historians have begun to examine 1918 in terms of effective Allied tactical learning and operational planning, and have accepted the idea that the Hundred Days Campaign of August to November 1918 represented something different from the attrition battles of 1916 and 1917. Indeed, it has been argued that the final British (and therefore Canadian) assaults of 1918 represented, the culmination of a long and effective learning process. Yet the same analysis has not been used with respect to the CMMGB. In fact, it has been suggested that the Motors never adapted to the more fluid offensives of the final phase of the war. The aim of this work is to study the development and adaptability of the Motor Machine Gun Brigade in the context of the entire war. Moreover, the thesis supports the 'revisionist' school by demonstrating that the Motors are a classic example of effective tactical development during the war, that they made the transition to open warfare during the Hundred Days Campaign, and were illustrative of the new style of war that the Allies used in 1918 to beat the Germans.

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AMICUS No. 27758682

NAME(S): *Iarocci, Andrew, 1976-

TITLE(S): The Mad Fourth: the 4th Canadian Infantry Battalion at war, 1914-1916

E-LOCATIONS: http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp

05/MQ65199.pdf

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes.

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--Wilfrid Laurier University, 2001.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: This thesis offers an analysis of the experience of the men who served in the 4th Canadian Infantry Battalion from the outbreak of war in 1914 to the final weeks of the Somme offensive in October 1916. The research is based on the best available archival sources and is informed by the most important secondary literature dealing with operations on the Western Front. Canadian historians have generally avoided the study of the Great War at the battalion level, preferring to write about generalship or operations at the Corps level. This has left the task of writing about combat to those concerned with personal memoirs and anecdotal accounts of life at the sharp end. This case study of the 4th Canadian Infantry Battalion presents evidence which challenges many of the conventional arguments employed by military historians describing the war from the top down. The thesis also addresses the age-old question of the role of leadership in war, arguing that the battalion experienced a variety of leadership styles. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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AMICUS No. 24733210

NAME(S): *Miller, Ian Hugh Maclean

TITLE(S): 'Our glory and our grief':Toronto and the Great War

E-LOCATIONS: http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tap

e9/PQDD_0015/NQ44830.pdf

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes.

NOTES: Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wilfrid Laurier University, 1999.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: This dissertation studies the impact of the Great War on Toronto, Ontario. What happened in the city? How were the enormous sacrifices of the war rationalized? Why did English-Canadians support it? What did citizens know about the war? The dissertation draws upon a wide and varied source base. 'Every ' issue of the following newspapers was examined: the six Toronto daily papers, 'The Weekly Sun', 'Macleans', 'The Industrial Banner', 'Everywoman's World', 'The Labour Gazette', and the religious periodicals of major religious denominations in the city. In addition, extensive searches were conducted in the City of Toronto Archives, the Archives of Ontario, the Public Archives of Canada, Baldwin Reading Room, Directorate of History, University of Toronto Archives and Thomas Fisher Rare Book Room, and related church archives. Using these public and private sources, a complex portrait of wartime life has been drawn detailing what residents 'knew', and how they 'behaved'. The narrative is informed by social, cultural, military, labour, and women's historiographies. Throughout the war, English-Canadian Torontonians reacted in a manner which was both informed and committed. Initially, they expected the war would be short. However, when military events demonstrated that an ad hoc, voluntary approach would be insufficient to meet the increasing demands of the war, they adapted. Voluntary organizations gradually gave way to popularly sanctioned government involvement in everything from the financing to the supplying of men for the war. This was a community which was firmly dedicated to winning the war. Despite its enormous cost, citizens endured.

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AMICUS No. 18225882

NAME(S): *McCulloch, Ian M., 1954-

TITLE(S): The Fighting Seventh : the evolution & devolution of tactical command and control in a Canadian infantry brigade of the Great War

E-LOCATIONS: http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22774.pdfPUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--Royal Military College of Canada, 1997.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: This thesis examines the complex gray area of Canadian command and control in the First World War within an infantry brigade and its evolution at the tactical level as well as its devolution of functions and responsibilities. Command as an effective process is susceptible to Clausewitz's "friction of war". External factors causing friction range from the technical (eg. the lack of voice communications beyond the battalion HQ) to the sociological (eg. the human dimension of "leadership" or, perhaps, shoddy staff work). Organizational changes, technological innovations and measures taken to enhance command and control systems were attempts to apply more control to a chaotic battlefield. Artillery fire support, intelligence-gathering, aerial and ground reconnaissance, telephones and the development of wireless, the employment of machine-guns and tanks, and the trend towards combined arms warfare are all examples of catalysts that designed the shape of the new modern warfare and are examined in this thesis on a chronological basis. Accompanying the new design was a requirement for a shift in the application of command techniques or "the process" to control the new tactical systems. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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AMICUS No. 18224130

NAME(S): *Newell, M. Leslie (Margaret Leslie), 1954-

TITLE(S): Led by the spirit of humanity: Canadian military nursing, 1914-1929

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes

NOTES: Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Ottawa, 1996.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: This study examines Canadian military nursing from the onset of the 1914 Great War to the end of the first post-War decade in 1929. Its purpose is to focus on the experience of military nursing in an attempt to discover the specifics of the profession, particularly during the interwar years, and to analyze the factors that affected military nursing during that era. The analysis of military nursing in context with the era revealed three main conclusions. First, unlike the peacetime experience, military nursing during the Great War was a professionally and culturally liberating experience that set Military Nurses apart from their civil peers. Unfortunately, during the interwar years, the re-instatement of Nursing Sisters to pre-War military positions of administration, removed them from the clinical setting, was deleterious to the profession, and did not accord them the opportunity to apply the practice element of their profession. Second, the introduction of non-commissioned men as hospital orderlies provided the major hospital military workforce that maintained the Nursing Sister's distance from the bedside and usurped them of their clinical focus and the opportunity to provide patient care. As an unfavorable offshoot to this, Military Nurses were restricted to administration. Without a practice component to their profession, Military Nurses had little in common with their civil peers who were actively engaged in practice and in activities to advance the profession. Last, the limitation imposed upon Nursing Sisters' by their appointment of relative rank precluded them from advancing within the military organization, from participating in the re-structuring of the CAMC and from influencing any policy that affected patient services or the Nursing profession. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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AMICUS No. 13553778

NAME(S): *Shannon, Mark, 1967-

TITLE(S): The First World War and German strategy: evolution of the concept of total war, 1919-1936

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Calgary, 1993.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: During the interwar period German strategy reflected the principal lesson of the First World War--warfare was total, that is it involved the mobilization of a nation's entire physical, moral, and spiritual forces. Under no circumstances could Germany afford to approach the subject of strategy in the same deluded manner in which it had prior to 1914. The First World War had clearly shown the German military establishment that the concept of nineteenth century cabinet warfare had long since been rendered obsolete. The military believed that if they were again to plan for a limited military conflict then a disaster greater than 1918 would occur. In order to avoid this disaster Germany must prepare in peacetime for a lengthy military conflict which would involve all facets of the population. In this way, Germany would possess an integrated means to wage a war which would seek to again make Germany a great European power.

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AMICUS No. 31076099

NAME(S): *Harding, Robert James Allen, 1980-

TITLE(S): Glorious tragedy: Newfoundland's cultural memory of the Battle of Beaumont Hamel, 1916-1949

PUBLISHER: Ottawa : National Library of Canada

SERIES: Canadian theses = Thèses canadiennes.

NOTES: Thesis (M.A.)--Dalhousie University, 2004.

STUDENT ABSTRACT: On 1 July 1916, the Newfoundland Regiment was slaughtered at Beaumont Hamel, France in its bloodiest battle of the First World War. Today the battle is remembered by Newfoundlanders as the worst catastrophe in their island's history and as the single event which instigated a chain of events that led to the island's loss of responsible government in 1933 and Confederation with Canada in 1949. Beaumont Hamel was once proclaimed as Newfoundland's proudest national achievement. Between 1916 and 1949 an assortment of Newfoundland mythmakers utilized newspaper editorial columns, commemorative ceremonies, historical literature, and war memorials to generate a triumphant cultural memory of the conflict that was built almost entirely upon a mythologized interpretation of Beaumont Hamel. Similarly to Great Britain, Canada, and Australia, Newfoundland attempted to find a deeper meaning in a war which cost more than anyone imagined a war ever could.

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[Borden Battery]

Les Canons de l'Apolcalypes

Ce site est dédié aux canons hors du commun connus ou peu connus qui à travers les âges ont fasciné les hommes. Repoussant chaque fois un peu plus loin les lois de la balistique, ces canons sont la quintessence du génie militaire de leur époque. [Recommendation by Guns1418 from Burgundy France][CEF Study Group - June 2006]

http://html2.free.fr/canons/index.htm

Lovett Artillery Collection

This site documents Leon and Ralph Lovett's private collection of Artillery, Anti-Tank Guns, Naval Guns, and Mortars. This collection is used for study of historic artillery and ordnance related technology from 1800-1957. Unless otherwise noted, all color photographs on the web site are images of actual examples within the Lovett Collection. [CEF Study Group - Sept 2010]

http://www.lovettartillery.com/

[Borden Battery]

AEF - The Story of the American Expeditionary Forces - Doughboy Center

The site is linked to the Great War Society and contains a wide range of topics and information on the American Expeditionary Force. There are many subsets to this website and may be expanded upon later.[CEF Study Group - Updated Sept 2010]

http://www.worldwar1.com/dbc/ghq1arm.htm

[Borden Battery]

Mills Bomb - British Hand Grenade - Wikipedia Website

William Mills—a hand grenade designer from Sunderland—patented, developed and manufactured the "Mills bomb" at the Mills Munition Factory in Birmingham, England, in 1915. The Mills bomb was adopted by the British Army as its standard hand grenade in 1915, and designated as the No. 5. [CEF Study Group - Sept 2010]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mills_bomb

WW1 German 1915 Stick Grenade

A simple website with close up images of various Great War German grenades.[CEF Study Group - Sept 2010]

http://members.fortunecity.com/milit/germangrenades.htm

Dum Dum Bullets - Expanding Bullets - Wikipedia Website

"Expanding bullets were given the name Dum-dum, or dumdum, after an early British example produced in the Dum Dum Arsenal, near Calcutta, India by Captain Neville Bertie-Clay." [CEF Study Group - Sept 2010]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanding_bullet

[Borden Battery]

From Colony to Country - A Reader's Guide to Canadian Military History

This government website contains a wide range of topic areas with an extensive reading list of books and reports associated with each topic area involving Canada and the Great War. Each internet section with the introductory paragraph is included here plus the URL address. The reader, in most instances, will find an extensive list of reference books and articles for each area.

This reader's guide provides a study outline of a wide range of reference material and will be useful for more serious researchers on the Great War from the Canadian perspective.

General Histories

"General histories of Canadian participation in the war, both those listed here and within the more inclusive military histories of Canada listed in the General section of these pathfinders, emphasize both the horrendous human cost of the war and its role in the nation-building process."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6011-e.html

The War and Canadian Society

"The Great War caused profound changes in Canadian society. For the first time, a mass, citizen army fought overseas as part of an alliance. The demands of that alliance for natural resources, foodstuffs and manufactured goods provided a great impetus to the Canadian economy. At the same time, the hunger of the alliance's military machine for Canadian personnel led to labour shortages, the growth of trade unionism, the employment of women and, in nearly every community, homes where a family member was buried overseas."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6012-e.html

Prisoners of War and Internment

"Although there were not large numbers of prisoners of war from the Central Powers imprisoned in Canada during the First World War, many enemy aliens were interned, often under harsh conditions, in camps run by the Canadian Militia. The operation of the camps was entrusted to Sir William Otter, the veteran of Ridgeway, Cut Knife Hill and Paardeberg and the Canadian Militia's first native-born general. Morton describes these operations well in his biography of Otter."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6013-e.html

Political Direction of the War

"Canada's war effort was directed by Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden's Conservative administration, which, with the addition of dissident Liberals, became the Union government in the autumn of 1917. Borden's Memoirs provide much useful source material, and Craig Brown has given us an excellent biography. His article, "Sir Robert Borden, the Great War and Anglo-Canadian relations" concentrates on the major theme of Canadian cooperation with Britain in the war effort, while Cuff and Granatstein emphasize the American relationship, important in wartime for the first time."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6020-e.html

Conscription

"Although the conscription question has appeared, to some authors, to be an issue flowing directly from the role of Quebec in the war, it was in reality more of an urban-rural split across the entire country, accentuated by the failure of recruiting methods in Quebec. Granatstein and Hitsman's, in Broken promises, address the question as part of a wider study of compulsory military service throughout Canadian history, but are in general critical of how it was imposed. A well-reasoned article defending conscription, by A.M. Willms, is reprinted in the collection of essays, Conscription 1917."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6021-e.html

Military Justice

"Unlike the Australians, Canada followed the British lead in executing soldiers convicted of desertion or cowardice in the face of the enemy during the First World War; writers have concentrated on this aspect of the military justice system."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6022-e.html

Peace and Demobilization

"The Canadian story following the Armistice took two different forms. On the one hand, Canadian diplomats created a national presence in the negotiations leading to the Treaty of Versailles. Glazebrook's account of the Paris Peace Conference was a semi-official history, relying on documents still closed to the public at that time; although written many years ago, it is still valuable. On the other hand, occupation duties, a shortage of shipping and a decision to bring the CEF home as complete units, led to restless and bored soldiers who rioted when nobody could explain why, in the late spring of 1919, they were still being kept away from their homes and families. The resulting loss of life at Kinmel Park in Wales, led to faster availability of shipping."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6023-e.html

Business and the War

"Business and finance in the First World War have not been investigated as thoroughly as for the Second World War. However, Michael Bliss's biography of Sir Joseph Flavelle, one of an increasing number of works investigating the business community generally, devotes considerable discussion to Flavelle's work as Canadian chair of the Imperial Munitions Board. Peter Rider's Ph.D. dissertation is a general account of the work of the Board. See also Sullivan's Aviation in Canada, in The War in the Air section, regarding the Imperial Munitions Board and the aviation industry in Canada."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6024-e.html

Equipping the Canadian Expeditionary Force

"The Ross Rifle, initially adopted by the Canadian Militia in 1905 and finally withdrawn in 1916, was the most controversial piece of equipment used by Canadian troops in the First World War. Inadequacies or shortages in the early years of the war, in everything from uniforms and boots to horse harnesses, artillery shells and hospital supplies, resulted in accusations of corruption and led to multiple official inquiries."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6024.01-e.html

Canada's Regions and the War: The West, Ontario, the Maritimes, Newfoundland

"Canada's federal and regional nature has prompted a number of useful examinations of the war. For Nova Scotia, the explosion of the munitions ship Mont Blanc in Halifax harbour, killing over 1 600 outright and maiming and blinding thousands more, was perhaps the defining event of the war. Newfoundland was not yet a part of Canada and the Royal Newfoundland Regiment's experience, first at Gallipoli and then being virtually wiped out at Beaumont-Hamel on the Somme, provided a unique facet of the war. Joy Cave's book examines the impact of such catastrophic losses on the tiny Newfoundland outports."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6030-e.html

Canada's Regions and the War: Quebec

"The mechanism by which Sir Sam Hughes attempted to mobilize the country in 1914 was essentially in the English-speaking and British tradition. A perceived failure to rally Quebec to the Entente cause and the imposition of conscription, in 1917, on what appeared to be a recalcitrant French-speaking population, still draws historians' attention as, arguably, the most important Canadian political question of the war. Elizabeth Armstrong's study, although written before many of the primary documents became available, is still valuable."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6030-e.html

Canadian Expeditionary Force: Operations of the Canadian Expeditionary Force

"The official history of the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) is the obvious place to begin a study of Canadian operations. Between the World Wars, the Department of National Defence planned a multi-volume history but only the first, by Colonel A.F. Duguid, along with an accompanying volume of appendices, appeared before the Second World War broke out. Two volumes of official medical history (listed in the Medicine section) were also published. When most of the Second World War official histories were completed, the Historical Section at Army Headquarters again addressed the absence of an official military history of Canada's war effort in the first conflict. A one-volume history of the CEF by Colonel G.W.L. Nicholson, published only in 1962, was much more modest than Duguid's proposals, but remains the authoritative standard work."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6031-e.html

Canadian Expeditionary Force: Organization of the CEF and Its Units

"The pre-war militia regiments became largely irrelevant to the organization of the CEF when, in 1914, Sir Sam Hughes decreed that the militia staff's mobilization plan not be followed and sent telegrams across the land urging volunteers to assemble at Valcartier, near Québec City. Although the militia regiments provided recruiting bases for units proceeding overseas, the ties between them and the numbered infantry battalions of the CEF were tenuous. After the war, the regiments perpetuated battalions to which they had contributed most. A list of these perpetuations is found in the Militia list and Defence forces list issued during the 1920s and 1930s. Meek's Over the Top, a work originally intended for the cap-badge collector, graphically illustrates the origins and fate of the overseas battalions, both those which saw service in the field and the many more which were broken up for reinforcements. Many units wrote their histories soon after the war and others published "picture books" before going overseas, which tell us much about their makeup. Many of these works are rare today. The stories of other battalions have been incorporated into the histories of the regiments that perpetuated them. Still other history projects foundered during the Great Depression and were only revived after the Second World War. Interest in these First World War battalions has revived, as indicated in the works by Bagley, Dancocks, Gagnon, McWilliams and others. Because the reader is likely to be interested in one specific unit only, a great many are listed below. They vary greatly in value, but all have something to offer the reader. Again, many of the earlier histories have become rare."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6032-e.html

Medicine

"The Canadian Army Medical Corps was accused of incompetent handling of casualties and administration early in the war, but was exonerated. Histories of medical units are listed in the Unit Histories sub-section."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6033-e.html

The War in the Air

"Canada did not have an air force during the First World War but, by its end, approximately one-quarter of the aircrew in British Royal Air Force (RAF) squadrons were Canadian. A sizeable RAF training establishment operated in Canada to produce new aircrew. The monumental first volume of the official history of the Royal Canadian Air Force, S.F. Wise's Canadian Airmen and the First World War, not only describes the work of Canadians flying overseas and aviation in Canada, but also provides a revisionist interpretation of air warfare 1914-1918. Much of the other literature on the war in the air is biographical. Tales of individual Canadian airmen in action are effectively told in a personal and anecdotal fashion in R.V. Dodds' The brave young wings. Other writers, most recently David Bashow, have followed the well-trodden path of biographies of notable fighter pilots. In Barker VC, Wayne Ralph has used this approach very successfully. Hugh B. Monaghan's memoir shows another perspective of the war in the air, that of a pilot of a heavy night bomber who became a prisoner of war. The published diary of Frank Shrive, listed in the Intervention in Russia, 1918-1921 section, is a unique record of an air observer operating in the extraordinary conditions of North Russia."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6034-e.html

The War at Sea

"There was a Canadian naval service in the First World War, chiefly employed in coastal patrol and local antisubmarine operations. Its history has been adequately told in the first volume of the Royal Canadian Navy's official history by Tucker, but a newer work by Michael Hadley and Roger Sarty, Tin-pots and pirate ships, puts its operations more cogently within the overall framework of the war. A new official history of the Navy, planned by the Department of National Defence, will use recently released documents to bring new scholarship on the naval questions of the First World War."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6035-e.html

Intervention in Russia, 1918-1921

"Canadian involvement in the armed Allied intervention into Bolshevik Russia at the end of the First World War formed both an epilogue to the war itself and an introduction to military problems in the new world to come. John Swettenham's Allied intervention in Russia is a useful account of the military operations involved, especially in North Russia, but is very dated. Roy MacLaren covers much of the same ground, but also describes the part played by Canadians in the associated air actions. Skuce deals with the Canadian Siberian Expeditionary Force, which spent the winter of 1918-1919 doing nearly nothing in the Vladivostok area. Frank Shrive's The diary of a P.B.O. is a unique document, illustrated with his own photographs, describing the air war in North Russia. Raymond Collishaw, whose memoir Air Command is listed in the War in the Air section, was a squadron commander in South Russia and the work describes the activities there of No. 47 Squadron, RAF."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6036-e.html

Uniforms

Chappell, Mike. -- The Canadian Army at war. -- London : Osprey Pub., 1985. -- 48 p. -- (Men-at-arms series, 164)

Law, Clive M. -- Khaki - uniforms of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. -- Ottawa : [s.n.], 1998.

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6037-e.html

Medals, Badges and Insignia

"Collecting medals, badges and insignia is a hobby requiring less outlay than for gallantry awards, but many Canadian First World War insignia are rare. A knowledge of the organization of the Canadian Expeditionary Force allows the collector to place material within its historical context and gives some idea whether the material was in common use by a large number of soldiers for a long period of time. In addition to the material below, John F. Meek's Over the top, listed in the subsection. Organization of the Canadian Expeditionary Force and Its Units, is aimed primarily at the badge collector."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6038-e.html

The First World War and Family History

"Canada's military history is perhaps the most heavily documented aspect of our common experience as a nation. Books and articles on the subject of Canada and war are published in ever increasing numbers, as is clearly shown by the extent of this bibliography. The First World War is no exception. For family historians and genealogists, published and unpublished information about the war and about those who served in the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) is extraordinary.

For those researching a family member, one should begin with the CEF records at Library and Archives Canada. In the ArchaviaNet Soldiers of the First World War database, one can search the index of all the men and women who joined the CEF. For a selection of surnames, the actual attestation or enlistment papers are available in digitized format. If the subject of the research died during the war, "The Canadian Virtual War Memorial" www.vac-acc.gc.ca/remembers/sub.cfm?source=collections/ virtualmem, sponsored by Veterans Affairs Canada, is an invaluable source of information with links to the Canadian "Books of Remembrance" and the records of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission www.cwgc.org/debt_of_honour.asp?menuid=14."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6040-e.html

Military Autobiography, Biography and Memoirs

"Military biographies and memoirs are valuable parts of the record of a nation at war. Perhaps because of the horrific nature of trench warfare on the western front, our attention has focussed more on the trials of the fighting man than on his leaders, who for four years failed to find an escape from stalemate and attrition. Among the generals, only Sir Arthur Currie, the first Canadian commander of the Canadian Corps, 1917-1919, has received real attention. The relatively recent biographies of Dancocks and Hyatt do much to update and give depth to Urquhart's earlier work. Robert England's article provides a useful analysis of how the amateur militia officer of 1914 could become, arguably, the most competent corps commander in the field in 1918. Another article, by Craig Brown and Desmond Morton, investigates how Currie's pre-war financial difficulties, and problems with militia funds, might have cost him command of the Corps had it not been for a little help from his friends among the Canadian general officers. Sharpe's The last day, the last hour deals in depth with the libel trial which hastened Currie's death, a trial in which Currie refuted the newspaper charges that he had squandered the lives of his men."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6041-e.html

The Veterans

"See also the works by Raynsford, Thornhill and the Wellington Legion War Veterans Club in the section on Canada's Regions and the War: the West, Ontario, the Maritimes and Newfoundland, and Marjorie Wilkins Campbell, No compromise in the Medicine section."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6042-e.html

Women and the War

"For the first time, women took part in Canada's war effort in large numbers, not only through direct participation in the armed forces and auxiliary services, but also in business, industry and agriculture while large numbers of Canadian men served overseas. An enhanced economic role led to demands for more political power for women. The work of Canadian nursing sisters, both in Canada and overseas, continues to be examined in recent works."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6070-e.html

Pictorial Works

"Both Bernier and Marteinson are popular histories of the Canadian Armed Forces -- Marteinson of the Army only. Both introduce a number of illustrations never before published, but both, and especially Marteinson, are substantial textual histories of the war as well. Robertson's Relentless verity contains, for the First World War, the work of official photographers to the Canadian government. Although Robertson's book has become dated as more material has become available, the quality of the reproductions makes it a pleasure to use."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6080-e.html

Art and the War

"As did the other major participants in the war, the Canadian government recruited artists and photographers as part of the national war effort. The first initiatives came from Sir Max Aitken, later Lord Beaverbrook, Canadian-born newspaper baron in Britain, who was the choice of Sir Sam Hughes as the government's recorder of Canadian actions overseas. The Canadian War Memorials Fund, officially a war charity, which grew out of Aitken's Canadian War Records Office, commissioned both Canadian and British artists to document the Canadian Expeditionary Force and the impact of the war at home. The use of both established and emerging artists, from a variety of schools of art, resulted in the creation of a powerful and evocative body of war art -- paintings, sculpture and photography. This story is told in a very fine volume of cultural history, Maria Tippett's Art at the service of war."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6081-e.html

Fiction and Poetry

"Canada's First World War experience did not produce a novel of the magnitude of Erich Maria Remarque's All quiet on the western front or of Stephen Crane's The red badge of courage. An outstanding novel of the period, Barometer rising by Hugh MacLennan, is more a novel of Halifax and of the explosion, than of the wider questions of the war. Timothy Findley's The wars, a much more recent work, speaks of some of the challenges facing the fighting soldiers. "In Flanders Fields" by Canadian Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae, is the best-known English poem of the war, although some recent readers have found the lines propagandistic."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6082-e.html

Honour Rolls, Service Rolls and Registers of the Dead

"During and at the conclusion of the First World War, the compilation of rolls of honour and rolls of service was undertaken by schools, churches, cities, organizations and business as a means of paying tribute to those who had volunteered for service in the Canadian Expeditionary Force and especially to those who were killed during the course of the War. Information in publications of this nature can vary widely from one to another, but may include a record of war service, a short biographical sketch, or a photograph; in some instances, the publication is a simple list of names."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6090-e.html

Honours and Awards

"All Canadians who served overseas received medals. A minority received awards for gallantry in action or outstanding service, either in or behind the front lines. Published lists of recipients of these awards can help build a biographical picture of an individual. As well, the collecting of awards as a hobby can involve the expenditure of large sums of money, depending on the rarity of the award. These published lists help to document the authenticity of awards and the conditions under which they were won."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6092-e.html

The Battlefields Today

"Touring the Canadian battlefields is not yet the big business that touring Second World War battlefields has become, but Norman Christie has produced a number of battlefield guides that both summarize the actions and lead the visitor to important Canadian sites. CEF Books, Nepean, Ontario, has published second editions of all of Christie's battlefield tours previously published by Bunker to Bunker Books. Any tourist going overseas to visit the battlefields will also want to be familiar with the memorials and vast cemeteries maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission."

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military/025002-6093-e.html

_________________________________

[Borden Battery]

The Canadian War Museum

The Canadian War Museum (CWM) is an affiliated museum of the Canadian Museum of Civilization. The Canadian War Museum, the national military history museum is also a centre for research and the dissemination of information and expertise on all aspects of the country's military past from the pre-contact era to the present. The museum opened in May 2005. [CEF Study Group - Updated July 2006]

http://www.warmuseum.ca/

[Borden Battery]

Medals, Orders & Decorations of the Ottoman Empire

The study of Ottoman medals, orders and decorations offers an insight into the declining years of the empire. The first known Ottoman medal dates from 1730, but it wasn't until Napoleon's invasion of Egypt that the first wearable medal was established. The vast majority of Ottoman orders and medals were created in the 19th century, as the Empire struggled to modernize and fought to retain its distant territories and diverse people. These decorations are symbols of the fierce pride, the fading glory and the inevitable fragmentation of this ancient regime. [CEF Study Group - May 2006]

http://www.turkishmedals.net/

The Gallipoli Campaign

This website provides a chronological summary of the Gallipoli campaign with a patriotic Turkish perspective. The site is divided into some of the following elements: Before the Campaign, Naval Attack, Air Assault, Results, includes photographs, an extensive bibliography of Turkish and English texts and some short but personal memoirs of some of the aged veteran Turkish soldiers. Again, a different perspective on the campaign. [CEF Study Group - June 2006]

http://www.canakkale.gen.tr/eng/engindex.html

[Borden Battery]

Archive of Classic Poems

A small website with poems by Wilfred Owen. There are several links to other poetry websites. [Recommendation by marina - GWF][CEF Study Group – Dec 2006]

http://www.everypoet.com/Archive/Poetry/Wilfred_Owen/wilfred_owen_contents.htm

More World War One War Poetry

This simple website contains about thirty poems from the Great War. [Recommendation by marina - GWF][CEF Study Group – Dec 2006]

http://www.angelfire.com/wa/warpoetry/Ww1poetry.html

Lost Poets of the Great War

Harry Rusche (English Department, Emory University) is the author of Lost Poets of the Great War, a hypertext document on the poetry of World War I. This website contains short biographies and poems of the following “Lost Poets” from the Great War: Rupert Brooke, John McCrae, Wilfred Owen, Issac Rosenberg, Alan Seeger and Edward Thomas .[CEF Study Group – Sept 2006]

http://www.english.emory.edu/LostPoets/index.html

PS We are always looking for new websites on Great War poetry. This section of the Recommended List has grown quickly with a large number of websites being discovered. Recommendations are noted in the abstract.

[Borden Battery]

Society for Army Historical Research

The Society's main activity is the publication of a quarterly Journal reflecting the members' interests and the results of their own research. The quarterly issues add up to a most attractive volume including colour plates and monochrome illustrations. The Society's subscription, however, remains modest as authors are not paid for their contributions. There is some Great War material - the Society could be a good direct source for serious readers. [CEF Study Group - Updated Aug 2010]

http://www.sahr.co.uk/home.html

Guild of Battlefield Guides

The objectives of this Guild under the patronage of Prof. Richard Holmes is to analyse, develop and raise the understanding and practice of Battlefield Guiding. The Guild's Badged Battlefield Guide Tour Directory provides a matrix of battlefield tours by guide expert. [Note: This listing does not endorse the Guides on this list - it only provides an example of guides who are available.] [CEF Study Group - Sept 2010]

http://www.gbg-international.com/

[Borden Battery]

The Legion of Frontiersmen of the Commonwealth

Formed at the end of 1904 for fellowship and for service to the State at any time of need, the Legion has been the centre of many myths. This website sets the record straight and tells the truth of the extraordinary history of those who served humanity selflessly and often made the greatest sacrifice of all. [CEF Study Group - Dec 2005]

http://www.frontiersmenhistorian.info/

Legion of Frontiersmen - Wikipedia Website

The Legion of Frontiersmen is a patriotic paramilitary organisation formed in Britain in 1905 by Roger Pocock, a former Constable with the North West Mounted Police and Boer War veteran, to bolster the defensive capacity of the British Empire. Prompted by pre-war fears of an impending invasion of Britain, the organisation was founded on a romanticized conception of the "frontier" and imperial idealism.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legion_of_Frontiersmen

[Borden Battery]

Canadian Great War Homepage - Canada's Role in World War I

The goal of this comprehensive website is to preserve the records and memories of Canadians who served their country, and to ensure that their sacrifices are not forgotten. Through the Canadian Military Heritage Project it is hoped to maintain the tradition of remembrance and to foster pride in our military heritage. [A Brian Lee Massey Website][CEF Study Group - Jan 2006]

http://www.rootsweb.com/~ww1can/

Stephen's Study Room: British Military & Criminal History 1900 to 1999

This web site is mainly concerned with British 20th Century (1900 - 1999) military and criminal history. The site features some good background material on the Great War, medals, courts-marshalls, some memorials and a good section on other reference links.[Recommendation by Pierre][CEF Study Group - Jan 2006]

http://www.stephen-stratford.co.uk/index.htm

[Borden Battery]

The Leeds Pals - 15th Battalion, The Prince of Wales’s Own (West Yorkshire Regiment)

This Pals Battalion provides basic information and history on the battalion, training at Colsterdale, profiles on soldiers, the great impact the Battle of the Somme had on its ranks and the aftermath. [CEF Study Group – Updated Aug 2010]

http://www.leeds-pals.com/

Scottish Military History Website

This website records the Lineage and Uniforms of the Regiments of Scotland - Past and Present. The Regulars, Fencibles, Militia and Special Reserve, Yeomanry, Volunteers and Territorials. There is museum index with URL links, an index of articles and photographs, and the start of a small discussion forum. [CEF Study Group – Sept 2010]

http://www.scottishmilitaryresearch.org.uk/page8.htm

The Fort Garry Horse Regimental

This modern-day website also contains sections regarding the Fort Garry Horse and its actions during the Great War. Material includes Battle honours, Roll of Honour, Awards and Decorations with background and information on Lt. Harry Colebourn and Winnie the Bear. [CEF Study Group - Updated Aug 2010]

http://www.fortgarryhorse.ca/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=64&Itemid=72

Regional and Regimental Affiliations of the Canadian Expeditionary Force

The following tables from www.canadiansoldiers.com present a clear outline of the many military units which formed the Canadian Corps during the Great War. Readers not familiar with the Canadian Corps and its sub-units are advised to visit this website first to familiarize themselves. [Also See Part 2][CEF Study Group - Updated Aug 2010]

http://www.canadiansoldiers.com/organization/fieldforces/cef/cefaffiliations.htm

[Borden Battery]

German World War 1 Photographic Postcards - 1914-1916 (Part 1)

A nice set of Great War post cards with German titles but with English sub-titles which makes the material of use to a wider market. [All World Wars Website][CEF Study Group - Sept 2010]

http://www.allworldwars.com/German-World-War-I-Postcards-Part-I.html

German World War 1 Photographic Postcards - 1914-1916 (Part 2)

A nice set of Great War post cards with German titles but with English sub-titles which makes the material of use to a wider market. [All World Wars Website][CEF Study Group - Sept 2010]

http://www.allworldwars.com/German-World-War-I-Postcards-Part-II.h

[Borden Battery]

Memorial Flight Association - France

The Memorial Flight is a non-profit organization which aims to preserve French and European aeronautical heritage. The Association started with the complex restoration to flying condition of an original SPAD XIII C1. The current flyable aeroplanes are a Fokker DR-I, a Blériot XI and a RAF SE5a reproduction, an original Morane AI type XXIX and a Dassault MD311 Flamant. Other projects include a Fokker DVII, a Sopwith 1 1/2 Strutter 1B2 and the static restoration of the LVG CVI 9041/18 . [CEF Study Group – Sept 2010]

http://memorial.flight.free.fr/indexuk.html

[Borden Battery]

Hospitals and Casualty Clearing Stations – BEF

The website includes eighteen direct photostats of documents, dated 13th. July 1923 which were sent from the Ministry of Pensions to the British Red Cross Society Records Office. Theses typed pages give the names of the locations, in alphabetical order, dates and positions of the various Hospitals or Casualty Clearing Stations on the Western Front for the British Expeditionary Force. The names of these medical units are as follows: Bac-Du-Sud-La to Boisleux-au-Mont, Bonn to Bussy - Le- Chateau. Calais to Chocques. Clerques to Don, Duai to Etaples, Etaples to Gezaincourt, Gezaincourt to Hazebrouk, Hazebrouk to Le Quesnoy, Le Touquet to Lozinghem, Mallasise to Moulle, Namps to Paris Plage, Pernes to Recmenil Farm, Remy to Roziere, Rouitz to Sweveghem, Tincourt to Versailles. This material may be of use to researchers trying to verify hospital and CCS locations. [CEF Study Group – Updated Aug 2006]

http://www.vlib.us/medical/CCS/ccs.htm

[Borden Battery]

War Story of the Canadian Army Medical Corps

This is a very comprehensive "on-line" book on the Canadian Army Medical Corps during the Great War. This on-line book of some 300 pages [with text, figures and footnotes] includes the following chapters an Introduction, Rise of the CAMC, Assembly at Valcartier, Salisbury Plain, With the BEF in France, Second Battle of Ypres (Gas), Festubert, Givenchy, Plugstreet, Establishment of Hospitals in France, Stationary Hospitals and Other Medical Units. [Recommendation by marc leroux / www.canadianGreatWarProject.com][CEF Study Group - Jan 2006]

http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/adami/camc/camc.html

The C.A.M.C. With the Canadian Corps During the Last Hundred Days of the Great War

The scanned 1924 document describes the actions of the Canadian Army Medical Corps during the Last Hundred Days of the Great War. One quarter of the total casualties of the Canadian Corps occurred during this period. [Recommended by Tighe McManus][CEF Study Group – Oct 2008]

http://www.dnd.ca/dhh/collections/books/engraph/details_e.asp?BfBookLang=1&BfId=48&cat=6

The Royal Army Medical Corps

The Royal Army Medical Corps was formed on the 23rd June 1898. The formation was the merger of the former Medical Staff with the Medical Staff Corps thus uniting the Senior Officers with the lower ranks. This website provides general overview sections, medical units and personal soldier profiles from each unit. [CEF Study Group - Oct 2010]

http://ramc-ww1.com/index.html

Canadian Medical Association Journal - Archives

The Canadian Medical Association Journal has been published continuously since 1911 and there are several editions from the 1914-1919 period and beyond that provide some insight into the thinking and actions of the medical profession associated with the Canadian Expeditionary Force in Europe and the work back in Canada. The reader will have to scroll down to the bottom of the page on this website to access the archival documents. [Recommended by Avidgenie][CEF Study Group - Oct 2010]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/77/

Prussian Glory Militaria

The webmaster has been a collector of Imperial German and Prussian art and artifacts and acknowledged how difficult it can be for collectors and re-enactors to locate reasonably priced, high quality items. Their products are custom made. [CEF Study Group - Oct 2010]

http://www.prussianglory.com/

Age of Kings - Pre 1918 German and French Militaria

“Age of Kings” is an organization that specializes in French and German history and military antiques of the pre 1918 era. Their goal is to provide information, research and contact within the collector community. In addition “Age of Kings” will also offer items for sale through their website or at auction. [CEF Study Group - Oct 2010]

http://ageofkingsmilitaria.com/index.html

Kaiserzeit.com

The intention of the webmaster is to offer the collector or re-enactor the widest possible selection of quality reproduction pickelhaube parts (helmet shells); chinstraps and chinscales; spikes, kugels and plume trichters; badges; and the many miscellaneous parts that are needed to complete a helmet restoration. [CEF Study Group - Oct 2010]

http://www.kaiserzeit.com/index.htm#top

[Borden Battery]

The Geography of the Great War - Frank M. McMurray, Ph.D., New York, The MacMillan Co. 1919

An interesting presentation of the original book in digital form. It is a large document and loads slowly; however, it presents the geography of the Great War from a 1919 perspective. [CEF Study Group - July 2005]

http://freepages.military.rootsweb.com/~worldwarone/WWI/TheGeographyOfTheGreatWar/index.html#Figure%2035

Publications of the War

This website contains the scanned page images from the John Johnson Collection in the Bodleian Library and include the following publications: The Hydra, Aussie, German Verbs, The Dagger, The Daily Liar, The Watch on the Rhine, Murder Most Foul, Kaiser Bill's Weekly Liar, Poison Gas, The Grey Brigade, Die Wochenschau and Postcards. [Recommendation by Dragon - GWF][CEF Study Group – Dec 2006]

http://www.hcu.ox.ac.uk/jtap/pubs/

[Borden Battery]

Remembrance – bbc.co.ca

The First World War produced some of the most gifted and progressive authors, poets and artists of a generation, each channelling their individual and collective experiences into their chosen art form. [CEF Study Group – Dec 2006]

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/remembrance/poetry/wwone.shtml

Poets of the Great War

This website generally contains a biography and some representative poems for the following: Richard Aldington, Laurence Binyon, Edmund Blunden, Rupert Brooke, Wilfrid Gibson, Robert Graves, Julian Grenfell, Ivor Gurney, David Jones, Robert Nichols, Wilfred Owen, Herbert Read, Isaac Rosenberg, Siegfried Sassoon, Charles Sorley and Edward Thoma [CEF Study Group – Dec 2006]

http://www.lib.byu.edu/~english/WWI/poets/poets.html

Legends and Traditions of the Great War

A selected anthology by the Great War Society. [CEF Study Group – Dec 2006]

http://www.worldwar1.com/heritage/wpoets.htm

[Borden Battery]

firstworldwar.com - Prose & Poetry - Introduction

This general website also includes a section of Great War poetry; in this case, a biography of several soldier-poets and examples of their work. [Recommended by Marina - GWF][CEF Study Group - Updated Oct 2010]

http://www.firstworldwar.com/poetsandprose/index.htm#_blank

The German Declaration of War on Russia

The Imperial German Government declaration of war on the Government of His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russia's as presented by Presented by the German Ambassador to St. Petersburg on1 August, 1914 (July 19th Russian calendar).

Web Source: http://www.gwpda.org/1914/germandecruss.html

The Sykes-Picot Agreement - 15 & 16 May, 1916

The complete text of the secret treaty between Britain and France defining their respective spheres of post-World War I influence and control in the Middle East. Much of the current troubles in the Middle East has been ascribed to this initial treaty. Also see The Balfour Declaration.

http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1916/sykespicot.html

[Borden Battery]

The Interplay between Technology, Tactics and Organization in the First AIF - MA (Hons) Thesis

The purpose of this thesis [Australian Defence Force Academy, 1999] is to investigate the interplay between the technology, tactics and organization of the First AIF. Regarding the CEF, there are chapters on the Ludendorff Offensive and the Battle of Amiens. [CEF Study Group - Oct 2010]

http://www.aif.adfa.edu.au:8888/Thesis/index.html