In Search of Botha's Natal Horse

[athelstan]

There are many obscure units in the African campaigns in World War One but they don't come much more obscure than Botha's Natal Horse.

Other than a few references to Botha's Natal Horse in books such as 'Urgent Imperial Service' by Gerald L'Ange and 'Through the Great Thirstland' by Keith Morris I have found out very little regarding the unit.

What I have gathered suggests they were commanded by a brother of General Louis Botha and despite being led by a Boer the unit, from soldiers' names I have come across, appears to have been British. They serve alongside but are not one of the Boer Commandoes in General Myburgh's 3^rd Mounted Brigade Right Wing. Working from figures in the Official History their strength was probably around 200 men.

An earlier post on the Great War Forum on 20 November 2002 on 'Botha's Cavalry or Botha's Horse' mixes up these two units (and I'm not sure the Cavalry existed as such) and Botha's bodyguard with Botha's Natal Horse, stating the latter was mobilised in 1915. This is incorrect as another source (on the www.kaisercross.com website) has them serving in Military District No. 6 at Upington during the Boer Rebellion in 1914. Keith Morris' book quotes a Private in Botha's Natal Horse travelling with his mount to Upington by train. This can only be in 1914 as the Rebellion is officially over by December of that year.

As the above hints Botha's Natal Horse should not be confused with Botha's Horse, Botha's Light Horse, Botha's Scouts, Botha's Commando, Botha's Mounted Rifles, Botha's bodyguard, Natal Mounted Rifles and the Natal Light Horse!

So to my interest in Botha's Natal Horse. This lies in a set of medals belonging to one of its men, a Private George W. Grahame.

With Private Grahame's medals came a brief account of how single handed he captured five Germans and their oxen cart laden with 2 machine guns and 20,000 rounds of ammunition. I will come back to this in a future post. Ultimately my intention is to piece together the adventures of Private Grahame and the men of Botha's Natal Horse.

Any information on how Botha's Natal Horse were raised and organised, their adventures in German South West Africa and eventual disbandment would be appreciated. If there is a War Diary its location would be useful to know too.

Many thanks

james w

Reference

'Louis Botha or Through the Great Thirstland' by Keith Morris, William Stevens Limited, London, 1915?

'Urgent Imperial Service' by Gerald L'Ange, Ashanti, 1991.

'The Campaign in German South West Africa 1914 - 1915' by Brigadier General J.J. Collyer, Official History of the War, 1937

[bushfighter]

James

If you have access to Ancestry's Medal Index Cards on the internet then three names appear under Botha's Natal Horse.

Good Luck Harry

[athelstan]

Returning to Botha's Natal Horse Private Grahame's medals came in one of Princess Mary's 1914 Christmas boxes. Inside and folded up into a tiny square was a single sheet letter written to his niece Dorothy some time during World War Two (the date is indistinct) giving her the medals. The most relevant part of the letter reads:

"Just a short one this time am sending you Medal Box enclosed in which is… this German button off the hat of a German Sergant one of the five I captured single handed with the 6 oxen and cart on which was 2 Machine Guns and 20000 rounds of ammunition, how to stop them travelling down road. I shot one of the first oxen, that and it then hands up and after they got down I took all their papers got my horse + all good friends in ten minutes. I know enough German for that but spoke enough English as I could German. The button was give me by the Sergant off his hat. When General Botha gave me personally the whole outfit after I had handed over the 2 Guns + ammunition. I have the Report for the prisoners and all troops after this, knew me riding about in this coat after the surrender."

The intriguing part is the capture of five Germans and their oxen cart laden with 2 machine guns and 20,000 rounds of ammunition. No dates or place names are given. The challenge is to find them. Regrettably the Report of the prisoners was not in the tin. This would have helped. The presence of General Botha is, however, another clue.

There are a number of strong contenders: action at Otjimbingwe on 27/04/15, surrender of Windhoek on 12/05/15 and actions at Gaub on 04/07/15 and Tsumeb on 06/07/15. All involved the 3^rd Mounted Brigade, to which Botha's Natal Horse was attached, the taking of German prisoners and capture of stores.

And as for the button taken from the German sergeant's hat this was in the tin and shown in the photograph below.

Actually I am not convinced this came off a hat. The Schutztruppe have two styles of hat – forage cap and large bush hat folded up on one side. Both have circular enamel badges with a black outer ring, white inner ring and red centre. I suspect the button is from the coat Grahame writes of riding about in. It could be a cuff, tunic or collar button. Is anyone an expert on Schutztruppe uniforms who could shed some more light on this?

Since my first post I have discovered there were as many as 581 men in Botha's Natal Horse (Medal Roll as recorded on Gentlemen's Military Interest website).

The story will continue and thanks Harry for the tip about checking the Medal Cards. It's on the list of things to do.

james w

[Carmania]

James

I hope that the following might be of interest -

The Rhodesian Herald of 8 January 1915 reports that:

'It is understood that between four and five thousand members of the burgher commandos, who are now on furlough after completely crushing the rebellion in Transvaal and Free State, will concentrate around Paardrekaal Monument at Krugersdorp from January 5 untill the end of the month, prior to proceeding to the front. The commandos for the larger operations will be brigaded instead of being the traditional independant units, and Col-Commandant Koen Britz, whose magnificent services against Maritz and De Wet will be remembered, has been mentioned in connection with the command of the Krugersdorp Brigade, which will embrace Botha's Natal Horse. After concentration the whole of the burgher forces will proceed to Cape Town to be thoroughly equiped.'

The Mafeking Mail and Protectorate Guardian of 6 June 1915 reports that on the 1 June, Burgher W P Richardson, Bothas Natal Horse, 3rd Mounted Brigade, was captured whilst on patrol.

Aled

[athelstan]

Aled

Yes very much of interest. Helps to fill in some of the gaps as to their movements prior to the invasion of German South West Africa. Plus I had no idea one of them had been taken prisoner. A whole new avenue opens up!

Many thanks

james

[Guest]

Hello James - very late to the party I know ... hopefully you are still watching this forum ...

I have some info re Botha's Natal Horse.

I have pasted some notes made by my gg grandfather, Capt. Edward Sylvester Archer. The notes were almost certainly handwritten by him and later typed out by a family member, so there could be errors, typos, etc. There is more too if you are interested. Sadly no mention of your man Grahame, or any of the men for that matter ...

 

 

Served with Bothas Natal Horse late Transvaal rebellion and German West Campayne. I was the originator and organiser of this Regiment which served through the Rebellion and G.W.Campayne to a finish.

 

My Squadron captured Tsumeb, my centre took the village, my right the three Guns on the hill, my left the position on left. This village held our prisoners who were in a barbed wire inclosure in a pittable condition and were released. This ended the G.W. Campayne.

 

Bothas Natal Horse was about 125 strong which served through the rebellion. After the rebellion was quieted and a months furlough we marched to Kimberley in route to G.W. Here we joined by the Barberton and Sabie Commanders. This was suggested by the Defence Department so as to make our Regiment stronger for service in G.W. The whole was termed Bothas Natal Horse which was three Squadrons.

 

Following is the poll of Commissioned Officers of the Three Squadrons.

 

Bothas Natal Horse
Commandant J. J. Botha
Adjutant - Capt Will van Rooyen,
Dr Capt Briscoe.

 

A Squadron (Original Bothas Natal Horse)
Capt E.S. Archer Commanding
Troop Leaders, Lieuts Wallie Meek, B Gaulie and Capt Payne (Killed later in G.E.A.)

 

B Squadron (Barberton Commando)
Major Hazelden Commanding,
Capt Spiers Adjutant
Troop Leaders Capt Currie, Lieuts McDonnell and Lloyd

 

C Squadron (Sabie Commando)
Major McLaughlen Commanding
Troop Leaders, Lieuts Ronnie McLaughlen, Thorpe and Prinsloo.

 

B Squadron. These officers were resident in Barberton but connot say if they are still there. I heard that Major Hazelden was in Russia.

C Squadron. These officers were farming, cattle dealing at the Sabie, but do not know their postal address. I am not acquainted with these gentlemen's social positions or honours awarded, but these could be obtained from the Defence Department, Pretoria.

 

[athelstan]

Hello Steve

This one has been on the back burner for a number of years but still very interested to find out more about Botha's Natal Horse and thank you for posting the info about the three Squadrons.  I only knew a couple of the officer names so this is great stuff.  Any more info on Botha's Natal Horse gratefully received.

thanks again for your interest

james

[threeleaves]

Hi  - anymore news on this unit? The above has been helpful to me as I pick up the research of a relative of mine who served in the unit - 1064 Theodore Strassberg. The only data I have on him is a confirmation from the Army Personnel department (in those far off days when I think national servicemen replied to these sorts of requests) saying that he attested on the 17 October was discharged on the 17 December 1914 - then re-attested on the 19 January 1915 and discharged on the 13 August 1915.  It confirms he got the trio of medals (I don't understand the comment above that "Ancestry's Medal Index Cards on the internet then three names appear under Botha's Natal Horse." - yet there could have been as many as 581 in the unit?).

 

From a comment in thread above could be that gap from 17 Dec to 19 Jan is explained by the "furlough" between the rebellion and GSWA campaign?

 

Although I don't the exact address of Theodore Strassberg the family were from the Greytown/Dundee/Newcastle areas. 

 

Thanks

Jon

 

[threeleaves]

This would have been interesting ..

 

[athelstan]

Hello Jon

Thank you for your two posts on Botha’s Natal Horse and apologies for missing the first one.  All adds to the picture.

Agree the gap in Theodore Strassberg’s service record would be the furlough period.  This is intriguing though.  The Boer Rebellion was largely over by 17 December 1914 apart from Maritz and Kemp up in German South West Africa and their final battle against Government forces at Upington on 24 January 1915 so it makes some sense they were not required.  I do, however, have a reference to Botha’s Natal Horse being on guard duty at Upington in the northern Cape at this time.

Theodore coming from Greytown makes sense as this and the surrounding area is where Botha’s Natal Horse were recruited from.  Theunis Botha, commanding officer and after whom the unit is named was born there.  He is also one of General Louis Botha’s 12 siblings.

In regards to the strength of the unit the typical strength of a commando, and Botha’s Natal Horse is a commando style unit, was around 500 so 561 sounds feasible although I note Steve’s post above of three squadrons and  125 men.

 The diary would I’m sure make fascinating reading.  Any idea where it ended up?

 james

[threeleaves]

No idea who got the book - I always arrive late. 

One thing I'm also stuck on is any info on what Theunis Botha did in the Anglo-Boer war. Do you know?

[athelstan]

Likewise drawn mainly a blank as to what Theunis Botha did.  Only reference I've ever found is that he was with General De Wet although there is no mention of him in De Wet's 'Three Years War' memoir published in 1903.  Would be interesting to know more!

[athelstan]

Whilst details about Botha’s Natal Horse remain sketchy there is a recent and excellent publication on Hartigan’s Horse by C.V. Simpson, A.S. Ellard, D Nel, and S. Jurgensen.  A similar unit to Botha’s Natal Horse, albeit with only a five month existence, the book lists all of its 657 members with varying amounts of biographical detail.  There are three surviving accounts of what they got up to in German South West Africa (not a great deal!) and photos and medals of some of those described.  There is even a passing reference to Botha’s Natal Horse in the foreword!  A great piece of research.  Available on Amazon if anyone is interested.

 james w

[threeleaves]

Do please tell us what the passing reference to Bothas Natal Horse was..

 

 

[athelstan]

Very much a passing reference!

 “Like many other specially raised regiments at the time, such as the Natal Light Horse and Botha’s Natal Horse, Hartigan’s Horse consisted of many old campaigners and personalities that brought to the regiment a particular flavour that was common among South African regiments at the time.”